Topic 11: Environment

HỌC BỘ TỪ

protect
protect /prəˈtekt/
(verb) to make sure that somebody/something is not harmed, injured, damaged, etc.
Example: Consumer laws are designed to protect the public against unscrupulous vendors


research
research /ˈriːsɜːrtʃ/
(noun) a careful study of a subject, especially in order to discover new facts or information about it
Example: For toy manufacturers, research can be pure fun


pollution
pollution /pəˈluːʃn/
(noun) the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty; the state of being dirty
Example: Water pollution is becoming more serious now.


reduce
reduce /rɪˈduːs/
(verb) to make something less or smaller in size, quantity, price, etc.; to become less or smaller in size, quantity, etc.
Example: Doctors will always try to reduce the temperature of patients with fever.


fuel
fuel /ˈfjuːəl/
(noun) any material that produces heat or power, usually when it is burnt
Example: Fuel supplies are nearly exhausted.


energy
energy /ˈenərdʒi/
(noun) the strength, effort and enthusiasm required for physical or mental activity, work, etc.
Example: I didn't even have the energy to get out of bed.


preserve
preserve /prɪˈzɜːrv/
(verb) to keep a particular quality, feature, etc.; to make sure that something is kept
Example: He was anxious to preserve his reputation.


storm
storm /stɔːrm/
(noun) very bad weather with strong winds and rain, and often thunder and lightning
Example: A few minutes later the storm broke


volcano
volcano /vɑːlˈkeɪnəʊ/
(noun) a mountain with a large opening at the top through which gases and lava (= hot liquid rock) are forced out into the air, or have been in the past
Example: This volcano hasn't erupted for years.


flood
flood /flʌd/
(noun) a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry
Example: Last winter, the town suffered the worst flood in fifty years.


greenhouse effect
greenhouse effect /ˈɡriːnhaʊs ɪˈfekt/
(noun)
Example: the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface. The destruction of forests is contributing to the greenhouse effect.


toxic
toxic /ˈtɑːksɪk/
(adjective) containing poison; poisonous
Example: This site is used to dispose of toxic waste.


drought
drought /draʊt/
(noun) a long period of time when there is little or no rain
Example: A drought caused most of the corn crop to fail.


recycle
recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/
(verb) to treat things that have already been used so that they can be used again
Example: We can recycle waste paper.


rainforest
rainforest /ˈreɪnfɔːrɪst/
(noun) a thick forest in tropical parts of the world that have a lot of rain
Example: The Amazon rainforest is in Brazil.


reuse
reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/
(verb) to use something again
Example: These milk bottles can be reused.


earthquake
earthquake /ˈɜːrθkweɪk/
(noun) a sudden, violent shaking of the earth’s surface
Example: It is the most terrible earthquake I've ever seen.


tornado
tornado /tɔːrˈneɪdəʊ/
(noun) a violent storm with very strong winds that move in a circle. There is often also a long cloud that is narrower at the bottom than the top.
Example: A lot of people died in the tornado yesterday.


climate change
climate change /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/
(noun) changes in the earth’s weather, including changes in temperature, wind patterns and rainfall , especially the increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere that is caused by the increase of particular gases, especially carbon dioxide
Example: In any case, climate change is already disrupting the lives of millions of human beings.


solar power
solar power /ˌsəʊlər ˈpaʊər/
(noun) energy obtained from the light and heat from the sun, used to produce electricity
Example: Solar power is the conversion of the sun's energy into heat and electricity.


natural resources
natural resources /ˈnætʃ.ɚ.əl rɪˈzɔːrs/
(noun)
Example: Some natural resources, such as natural gas and fossil fuel, cannot be replaced.


global warming
global warming /ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːrmɪŋ/
(noun) the increase in temperature of the earth’s atmosphere that is caused by the increase of particular gases, especially carbon dioxide
Example: Global warming is a term that refers to the general warm - up of the Earth and its atmosphere.


tsunami
tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/
(noun) an extremely large wave in the sea caused, for example, by an earthquake
Example: A tsunami is a great wave or series of waves which extends from the surface water to the sea floor.


greenhouse gas
greenhouse gas /ˌɡriːnhaʊs ˈɡæs/
(noun) any of the gases that are thought to cause the greenhouse effect , especially carbon dioxide
Example: Carbon dioxide is a so-called greenhouse gas, which absorbs energy from the sun, making the air warmer.


the ozone layer
the ozone layer /ˈoʊ.zoʊn ˌleɪ.ɚ/
(noun)
Example: The ozone layer protects living things from the harmful radiation of the sun.