Lesson 158/202 · 18 words · 0 learned

B1 · Society, law & politics (1)

1
candidate(noun)
/ˈkændɪdət/
a person who is trying to be elected or is applying for a job
The recruiter will interview all candidates for the position
The president of our company is a candidate for the Outstanding Business Award
Synonymsapplicantcontendernomineeaspirantentrant
Antonymsincumbentemployeereject
2
court(noun)
/kɔːrt/
the place where legal trials take place and where crimes, etc. are judged
Her lawyer made a statement outside the court.
the civil/criminal courts
Synonymstribunaljudiciarybarbenchsessionhearingjudgementlegal proceedings
Antonymsnegotiationagreementcompromisesettlement
3
arrest(verb)
/əˈrest/
to take a person into police custody because they are believed to have committed a crime
Police arrested the warehouse manager on suspicion of theft.
Two officials were arrested for taking bribes from contractors.
Synonymsapprehenddetaincaptureseizetake into custodybust
Antonymsreleasefreeliberatedischargeacquit
4
guard(noun)
/ɡɑːrd/
a person, such as a soldier, a police officer or a prison officer, who protects a place or people, or prevents prisoners from escaping
border guards
a security guard
Synonymsprotectordefenderwatchmansentinelcustodianwardensecurity
Antonymsthreatdangerneglectdisregardvulnerability
5
duty(noun)
/ˈduːti/
something that you feel you have to do because it is your moral or legal responsibility
I'll have to go I'm afraid—duty calls.
The company owes a duty of care to its customers.
Synonymsresponsibilityobligationtaskjobfunctionservicerole
Antonymsirresponsibilitynegligencederelictiondisregard
6
bomb(noun)
/bɑːm/
a weapon designed to explode at a particular time or when it is dropped or thrown
A bomb exploded in the city centre, but luckily nobody was hurt.
Synonymsexplosivegrenademissiledeviceshell
Antonymscalmpeacetranquility
7
campaign(noun)
/kæmˈpeɪn/
a planned series of activities, such as adverts and events, carried out over a period to achieve a particular goal
The campaign will run on TV and social media for six weeks.
Our last campaign increased sales by 20% in just two months.
Synonymsdriveeffortmovementcrusadepushoperationinitiative
Antonymsinactionapathycessationretreat
8
authority(noun)
/əˈθɔːrəti/
the power to give orders to people
She now has authority over the people who used to be her bosses.
in a position of authority
Synonymspowercontrolcommandinfluencedominionjurisdiction
Antonymsweaknesssubordinationpowerlessnessinabilityinferiority
9
custom(noun)
/ˈkʌstəm/
an accepted way of behaving or of doing things in a society or a community
In my country, it's the custom for women to get married at 20 years old.
the custom of giving presents at Christmas
Synonymstraditionpracticehabitconventionusageritualmanner
Antonymsunconventionalitydeparturedeviationabnormalityirregularity
10
illegal(adjective)
/ɪˈliːɡl/
not allowed by the law
It's illegal to drive through a red light.
illegal immigrants/aliens
Synonymsunlawfulprohibitedcriminalbannedillegitimate
Antonymslegallawfullegitimatepermissibleallowed
11
election(noun)
/ɪˈlekʃn/
the process of choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political position, by voting
to win/lose an election
How many candidates are standing for election?
Synonymsvotereferendumballotpollselectionchoice
Antonymsappointmentdesignationmandatedictatorshipautocracy
12
flag(noun)
/flæɡ/
a piece of cloth with a special coloured design on it that may be the symbol of a particular country or organization, may be used to give a signal or may have a particular meaning. A flag can be attached to a pole (= a long thin straight piece of wood or metal) or held in the hand.
This is the Vietnamese flag.
the flag of Italy
Synonymsbannerstandardensignpennantcolors
Antonymsdisregardneglecthide
13
force(noun)
/fɔːrs/
violent physical action used to obtain or achieve something
The police used force to break up the angry crowd.
Synonymscompelcoerceobligepressureconstrain
Antonymsallowpermitreleasefreeliberate
14
cultural(adjective)
/ˈkʌltʃərəl/
connected with the culture of a particular society or group, its customs, beliefs, etc.
economic, social and cultural factors
cultural differences between the two communities
Synonymscivilizationalethnictraditionalartistic
Antonymsnaturalbiologicalphysical
15
battle(noun)
/ˈbætl/
a fight between armies, ships or planes, especially during a war; a violent fight between groups of people
Almost everyone has heard of the battle at Waterloo.
a gun battle
Synonymsfightcombatconflictengagementskirmish
Antonymspeacetrucearmisticeagreementharmony
16
ban(noun)
/bæn/
an official rule that says that something is not allowed
There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.
Synonymsprohibitionembargorestrictioninterdictionveto
Antonymspermissionallowanceapprovalauthorizationconsent
17
ceremony(noun)
/ˈserəməʊni/
a public or religious occasion that includes a series of formal or traditional actions
The graduation ceremony lasted 4 hours.
Synonymsriteobservanceformalityservicefunctioncelebrationpageantsolemnity
Antonymsinformalityspontaneitycasualness
18
fighting(noun)
/ˈfaɪtɪŋ/
the activity of being involved in a battle against an enemy
Heavy fighting broke out near the border late last night.
Synonymscombatstrugglebattlewarfare
Antonymspeacesurrenderagreement