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B1 · Grammar & linking words
B1 · Mots grammaticaux et connecteurs
donc, par conséquent
used to introduce the logical result of something that has just been mentioned
He's only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.
Il n'a que 17 ans et n'a donc pas le droit de voter.
There is still much to discuss. We shall, therefore, return to this item at our next meeting.
Synonymesconsequentlythushenceaccordinglyfor that reasonas a resultAntonymesbecausesinceasin spite ofdespiteen effet, vraiment
used to emphasize a positive statement or answer
'Do you agree with me?' 'Yes, indeed, I agree completely.'
« Es-tu d'accord avec moi ? » « Oui, tout à fait, je suis entièrement d'accord. »
Synonymescertainlysurelyreallytrulyverilyactuallyin factwithout doubtAntonymesdoubtfullyquestionablyuncertainlyimprobablyfalselyincorrectlypourtant, cela dit
used especially at the end of a sentence to add a fact or opinion that makes the previous statement less strong
Our team lost. It was a good game though.
Notre équipe a perdu. C'était un bon match, pourtant.
‘Have you ever been to Australia?’ ‘No. I'd like to, though.’
Synonymesalthoughhoweverneverthelessstillyeteven thoughAntonymesbecausesincethereforecontrairement à, à la différence de
different from a particular person or thing
The sound was not unlike that of birds singing.
Le son n'était pas sans rappeler celui d'oiseaux qui chantent.
Music is quite unlike any other art form.
SynonymesdifferentdissimilardistinctcontraryopposedAntonymeslikesimilaralikeidenticalresemblingchaque fois que, quand
at any time that; on any occasion that
You can ask for help whenever you need it.
Tu peux demander de l'aide chaque fois que tu en as besoin.
That's no way to speak to your mother!
Synonymesanytimeevery timeat any timeno matter wheneach timeAntonymesneverat no timenowhereà moins que, sauf si
used to say that something can only happen or be true in a particular situation
You won't get paid for time off unless you have a doctor's note.
Tu ne seras pas payé pour tes absences à moins d'avoir un certificat médical.
Unless I'm mistaken, she was back at work yesterday.
Synonymesexcept ifif notbutsaveAntonymesifprovided thatas long assi
used to express a doubt or choice between two possibilities
I'll see whether she's at home (= or not at home).
Je verrai si elle est à la maison.
It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice.
Synonymesifin casein the event thatAntonymesdefinitelycertainlydû à, en raison de
caused by somebody/something; because of somebody/something
The football match was cancelled due to the heavy rain.
Le match de football a été annulé en raison de la forte pluie.
SynonymesowingexpectedscheduledpayablerequiredmaturingAntonymesoverduepast duepaidsettledmalgré, en dépit de
used to show that something happened or is true although something else might have happened to prevent it
She went to work yesterday despite her illness.
Elle est allée travailler hier malgré sa maladie.
Synonymesnotwithstandingin spite ofregardless ofeven thoughalthoughAntonymesbecause ofdue toowing to
