Lumaktaw sa nilalaman

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B2 · Society, law & politics (1)

B2 · Lipunan, batas at pulitika (1)

  1. 1

    association(noun)

    /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/

    samahan

    an official group of people who have joined together for a particular purpose

    Local telephone companies formed an association to serve common goals, meet their common needs, and improve efficiency

    Bumuo ang mga lokal na kompanya ng telepono ng isang samahan upang pagsilbihan ang mga karaniwang layunin, tugunan ang kanilang mga karaniwang pangangailangan, at pagbutihin ang kahusayan.

    Membership in a trade or professional association provides business contacts and mutual support

    Kasingkahuluganorganizationgroupsocietycluballianceunionleaguefederation
    Kasalungatindividualseparationdissociationisolation
  2. 2

    conservative(adjective)

    /kənˈsɜːrvətɪv/

    konserbatibo

    opposed to great or sudden social change; showing that you prefer traditional styles and values

    Older voters often hold more conservative views on social issues.

    Ang mas matatandang botante ay madalas na may mas konserbatibong pananaw sa mga isyung panlipunan.

    Kasingkahulugantraditionalconventionalcautiousmoderateprudentorthodoxright-wing
    Kasalungatliberalprogressiveradicalunconventionalinnovativemodern
  3. 3

    domestic(adjective)

    /dəˈmestɪk/

    lokal, panloob, pambansa

    of or inside a particular country; not foreign or international

    The government is trying to boost domestic demand and support local businesses.

    Sinusubukan ng pamahalaan na palakasin ang lokal na demand at suportahan ang mga lokal na negosyo.

    Kasingkahuluganinternalhouseholdfamilynativeindigenous
    Kasalungatforeigninternationalalienexternal
  4. 4

    aid(noun)

    /eɪd/

    tulong, ayuda

    money, food, etc. that is sent to help countries in difficult situations

    The government sent food aid to the areas hit by the floods.

    Nagpadala ang pamahalaan ng ayudang pagkain sa mga lugar na tinamaan ng baha.

    Kasingkahuluganassistancehelpsupportreliefcharitybenefit
    Kasalungathindranceobstructionresistanceoppositiondamageharm
  5. 5

    conflict(noun)

    /ˈkɑːnflɪkt/

    tunggalian

    a situation in which people, groups or countries disagree strongly or are involved in a serious argument

    When conflicts do happen, we work together to find the solutions.

    Kapag nangyayari ang mga tunggalian, nagtutulungan tayo upang hanapin ang mga solusyon.

    conflicting emotions/interests/loyalties

    Kasingkahulugandisputeclashstrugglediscordoppositionfriction
    Kasalungatpeaceharmonyagreementaccordconcord
  6. 6

    accuse(verb)

    /əˈkjuːz/

    akusahan

    to say that somebody has done something wrong or is guilty of something

    The government was accused of incompetence.

    Inakusahan ang gobyerno ng kawalan ng kakayahan.

    They stand accused of crimes against humanity.

    Kasingkahuluganchargeimpeachindictblameallege
    Kasalungatexoneratevindicateabsolveacquitexcuse
  7. 7

    blame(verb)

    /bleɪm/

    sisihin

    to think or say that somebody/something is responsible for something bad

    She doesn't blame anyone for her father's death.

    Hindi niya sinisisi ang kahit sino sa pagkamatay ng kanyang ama.

    A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.

    Kasingkahuluganaccusecensurereproachcondemnreprimandreprovehold responsiblefault
    Kasalungatpraisecommendcreditexonerateabsolveexcusevindicateforgive
  8. 8

    bullet(noun)

    /ˈbʊlɪt/

    bala

    a small metal object that is fired from a gun

    He was killed by a bullet in the head.

    Napatay siya ng bala sa ulo.

    bullet wounds

    Kasingkahuluganshotprojectilecartridgepellet
    Kasalungatpeacesafetyprotection
  9. 9

    council(noun)

    /ˈkaʊnsl/

    konseho

    a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county

    The town council is responsible for keeping the streets clean.

    Responsibilidad ng konseho ng bayan na panatilihing malinis ang mga kalye.

    a city/county/borough/district council

    Kasingkahuluganassemblyboardcommitteegroupbodylegislaturesenate
    Kasalungatindividualone person
  10. 10

    defend(verb)

    /dɪˈfend/

    ipagtanggol

    to protect somebody/something from attack

    How can we defend our homeland if we don't have an army?

    Paano natin maipagtatanggol ang ating bayan kung wala tayong hukbo?

    Troops have been sent to defend the borders.

    Kasingkahuluganprotectguardshieldsecuresafeguardpreserve
    Kasalungatattackassaultendangerthreatenabandonexpose
  11. 11

    affair(noun)

    /əˈfer/

    mga gawain, mga usapin

    events that are of public interest or political importance

    affairs of state

    mga gawain ng estado

    an expert on foreign affairs (= political events in other countries)

    Kasingkahuluganmatterincidenteventbusinessrelationshipliaison
    Kasalungatpeacecalmtranquility
  12. 12

    armed(adjective)

    /ɑːrmd/

    armado

    involving the use of weapons

    an armed robbery

    isang armadong panghoholdap

    an international armed conflict(= a war)

    Kasingkahuluganweaponizedequippedfittedpreparedcarrying weapons
    Kasalungatunarmeddefenselessunprotectedvulnerable
  13. 13

    capture(verb)

    /ˈkæptʃər/

    hulihin, bihagin

    to catch a person or an animal and keep them as a prisoner or shut them in a space that they cannot escape from

    The hunters captured the rare bird and sold it to a zoo.

    Hinuli ng mga mangangaso ang bihirang ibon at ibinenta ito sa isang zoo.

    Kasingkahuluganseizeapprehendarrestnabsnatchsecuretakecatch
    Kasalungatreleaseliberatefreeloseabandonfail
  14. 14

    crisis(noun)

    /ˈkraɪsɪs/

    krisis

    a time of great danger, difficulty or doubt when problems must be solved or important decisions must be made

    We provide help to families in crisis situations.

    Nagbibigay kami ng tulong sa mga pamilya sa mga sitwasyon ng krisis.

    The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters (= they did not trust it any longer).

    Kasingkahuluganemergencypredicamentdifficultydilemmaturning pointcatastrophe
    Kasalungatstabilityequilibriumpeaceharmonynormality
  15. 15

    arms(noun)

    /ɑːrmz/

    armas

    weapons, especially as used by the army, navy , etc.

    arms and ammunition

    mga armas at bala

    Police officers in the UK do not usually carry arms.

    Kasingkahuluganweaponryweaponsfirearmsordnancearmament
    Kasalungatpeacedisarmament
  16. 16

    civil(adjective)

    /ˈsɪvl/

    sibil

    connected with the people who live in a country

    civil unrest (= that is caused by groups of people within a country)

    kaguluhang sibil (= na sanhi ng mga grupo ng tao sa loob ng isang bansa)

    Turkish

    Kasingkahuluganpolitecourteousrefineddomesticinternalnon-military
    Kasalungatrudeimpoliteuncivilmilitarymartial
  17. 17

    commission(noun)

    /kəˈmɪʃn/

    komisyon

    money paid to an agent or salesperson for each sale, usually a percentage of the price

    The hotel pays travel agents a ten percent commission on room sales.

    Nagbabayad ang hotel ng sampung porsiyentong komisyon sa mga ahente sa paglalakbay para sa benta ng mga kuwarto.

    Our sales staff receive a basic salary plus commission.

    Kasingkahuluganauthorizedelegatechargeappointcontractorder
    Kasalungatrecalldismissfirerejectcancel
  18. 18

    elect(verb)

    /ɪˈlekt/

    ihalal, ihalal sa pwesto

    to choose somebody to do a particular job by voting for them

    the newly elected government

    ang bagong halal na pamahalaan

    an elected assembly/leader/representative

    Kasingkahuluganchooseselectappointdesignatevote for
    Kasalungatrejectdismissdeclinedefeatunseat
  19. 19

    dominate(verb)

    /ˈdɑːmɪneɪt/

    manaig, dominahin

    to control or have a lot of influence over somebody/something, especially in an unpleasant way

    One powerful family has dominated the politics of the region for decades.

    Isang makapangyarihang pamilya ang nangibabaw sa pulitika ng rehiyon sa loob ng mga dekada.

    Kasingkahulugancontrolrulecommandprevailmasteroverpowersubjugate
    Kasalungatsubmitobeyfollowyieldservesurrender
  20. 20

    defence(noun)

    /dɪˈfens/

    depensa

    the act of protecting somebody/something from attack, criticism, etc.

    The towers were once an important part of the city's defences.

    Ang mga tore ay dating mahalagang bahagi ng depensa ng lungsod.

    Kasingkahuluganprotectionsecuritysafeguardshieldresistanceguard
    Kasalungatattackoffensevulnerabilityassault
  21. 21

    citizen(noun)

    /ˈsɪtɪzn/

    mamamayan

    a person who has the legal right to belong to a particular country

    He is a responsible citizen who always votes in elections.

    Siya ay isang responsableng mamamayan na laging bumoboto sa mga halalan.

    Kasingkahulugannationalinhabitantresidentsubjectmember
    Kasalungatalienforeignerimmigrantnoncitizen