Lesson 186/202 · 19 words · 0 learned

B2 · Society, law & politics (3)

1
revolution(noun)
/ˌrevəˈluːʃn/
an attempt, by a large number of people, to change the government of a country, especially by violent action
The French Revolution began in 1789 and changed the government of France.
Synonymsupheavaloverthrowtransformationchangeturnaroundrevoltinsurrection
Antonymsstabilitystatus quoconservationorderpeace
2
permit(verb)
/pərˈmɪt/
to allow somebody to do something or to allow something to happen
Smoking is not permitted anywhere inside the hospital
Would you check with the nurse to see if I am permitted to eat before surgery?
Synonymsallowauthorizegrantenablelicense
Antonymsforbidprohibitbandisallowdeny
3
soul(noun)
/səʊl/
the spiritual part of a person, believed to exist after death
He believed his immortal soul was in peril.
The howling wind sounded like the wailing of lost souls (= the spirits of dead people who are not in heaven).
Synonymsspiritpsycheessenceinner selfbeing
Antonymsbodyphysicalitymatter
4
regulation(noun)
/ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn/
an official rule made by a government or public authority that people and businesses must follow
The new regulations on e-commerce take effect on the first of January.
Please check whether the import of these goods is restricted by any regulation.
Synonymsrulelawordinancedirectiveguidelinepolicycontrolprocedure
Antonymsderegulationdisorganizationchaoslawlessnessfreedomunruliness
5
spiritual(adjective)
/ˈspɪrɪtʃuəl/
connected with the human spirit, rather than the body or physical things
We're concerned about your spiritual welfare.
a lack of spiritual values in the modern world
Synonymsnonphysicalimmaterialetherealreligiousdivinesacredholy
Antonymsphysicalmaterialbodilyseculartemporal
6
threaten(verb)
/ˈθretn/
to say that you will cause trouble, hurt somebody, etc. if you do not get what you want
The mugger threatened to kill him.
The attacker threatened them with a gun.
Synonymsintimidatemenaceendangerportendwarncoerce
Antonymsassurecomfortencouragepromiseguarantee
7
suspect(noun)
/səˈspekt/
a person the police believe may have committed a crime
Police questioned three suspects about the missing funds.
The suspect has the right to a lawyer from the moment of arrest.
Synonymsaccusedpossible culpritpresumed offendersubjecttarget
Antonymscertaintyfactknownproven
8
shot(noun)
/ʃɑːt/
the act of firing a gun; the sound this makes
We heard a shot, and everyone ran for cover.
Synonymsattempttryeffortthrowdischargelaunch
Antonymsfailuremisscatchsave
9
trial(noun)
/ˈtraɪəl/
a formal examination of evidence in court by a judge and often a jury , to decide if somebody accused of a crime is guilty or not
a murder trial
He did not receive a fair trial.
Synonymshearingcaselawsuitlegal proceedingtestexaminationexperiment
Antonymsagreementsettlementharmonyaccord
10
status(noun)
/ˈsteɪtəs/
the legal position of a person, group or country
They were granted refugee status.
The party was denied legal status.
Synonymsconditionsituationpositionrankstandingstatelevelgrade
Antonymsinsignificanceinferioritylowliness
11
opposition(noun)
/ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃn/
the act of strongly disagreeing with somebody/something, especially with the aim of preventing something from happening
The army met with fierce opposition in every town.
opposition forces(= people who are arguing, fighting, etc. with another group)
Synonymsresistancedefianceantagonismhostilityobjectiondisapproval
Antonymsagreementapprovalsupportacceptanceconsent
12
strict(adjective)
/strɪkt/
that must be obeyed exactly
There are strict rules about who can enter the building.
Synonymsseveresternfirmrigidstringentdisciplinarianexacting
Antonymslenientpermissivelaxeasygoingflexibletolerant
13
witness(noun)
/ˈwɪtnəs/
a person who tells a court what they saw or know about the facts of a case
The warehouse manager was called as a witness for the defence.
Each witness must sign a written witness statement before the hearing.
Synonymsobservereyewitnesslooker-onspectatortestifyattestconfirm
Antonymsignoreoverlookdenydisprove
14
violence(noun)
/ˈvaɪələns/
violent behaviour that is intended to hurt or kill somebody
Why do they always have to resort to violence?
domestic violence(= between family members)
Synonymsaggressionbrutalityforceferocitysavageryhostilitycombatconflict
Antonymspeacetranquilitycalmharmonygentlenessnonviolence
15
parliament(noun)
/ˈpɑːrləmənt/
the group of people who are elected to make and change the laws of a country
The German parliament is called the ‘Bundestag’.
Cook over a medium heat for 15 minutes.
Synonymslegislaturecongresssenateassemblydiet
Antonymsautocracydictatorshipmonarchy
16
protection(noun)
/prəˈtekʃn/
the act of protecting somebody/something; the state of being protected
He asked to be put under police protection.
data protection laws
Synonymssecuritydefensesheltersafeguardpreservation
Antonymsdangerharmthreatvulnerabilityneglect
17
threat(noun)
/θret/
a statement in which you tell somebody that you will punish or harm them, especially if they do not do what you want
She is prepared to carry out her threat to resign.
He received death threats from right-wing groups.
Synonymsmenaceintimidationwarningdangerhazardperil
Antonymspromiseassuranceguaranteeprotectionsecurity
18
privacy(noun)
/ˈpraɪvəsi/
the state of being alone and not watched or interrupted by other people
I don’t like how my mother doesn’t respect my privacy.
Synonymsseclusionsecrecyconfidentialityisolationsolitude
Antonymspublicityexposurenotorietyopennessvisibility
19
slave(noun)
/sleɪv/
a person who is owned by another person and is forced to work for and obey them
By the time I was ten, I had become her slave, doing all the housework.
Synonymsbondmanthrallvassalserfservantcaptive
Antonymsfree personmasterliberatedemancipated