Lesson 179/202 · 26 words · 0 learned

B2 · Work & business

1
establish(verb)
/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/
to start or create an organization, a system, etc. that is meant to last for a long time
The merger of the two companies established a powerful new corporation
Through her many books and interviews, Dr. Wan established herself as an authority on conflict resolution
Synonymscreateformfoundinstitutestartbuildset upprove
Antonymsabolishdestroyeliminateabolishdemolishdisproveundermineneglect
2
initiative(noun)
/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose
The government launched a new initiative to reduce unemployment among young people.
Synonymsdriveenterpriseambitionresourcefulnessproactivityleadershipmotivation
Antonymsapathyindifferencepassivityinactionlethargy
3
wage(noun)
/weɪdʒ/
a regular amount of money that you earn, usually every week or every month, for work or services
Hourly wages have increased by 20 percent over the last two years
The intern spends more than half of her wages on rent
Synonymssalarypayearningsremunerationcompensation
Antonymslossdebtfinepenalty
4
agenda(noun)
/əˈdʒendə/
a list of items to be discussed at a meeting
The agenda was sent out three weeks ago so that everyone could prepare for the meeting
Synonymsprogramscheduleplanlistoutlinedocket
Antonymsimprovisationunplannedspur-of-the-moment
5
mission(noun)
/ˈmɪʃn/
an important official job that a person or group of people is given to do, especially when they are sent to another country
The nurse explained that the mission of everyone in the unit was to make sure the patients got well as soon as possible
The hospital chaplain took as his mission to visit every patient admitted each day
Synonymspurposeaimgoalobjectivetaskassignmentcallingvocation
Antonymsaimlessnessfrivolityidlenessinactivitypassivity
6
procedure(noun)
/prəˈsiːdʒər/
a way of doing something, especially the usual or correct way
Patients must follow the hospital's admission procedure before they can see a doctor.
Synonymsprocessoperationmethodcourse of actionprotocolroutinepracticetreatment
Antonymsinactionnegligencedisorganizationchaos
7
sector(noun)
/ˈsektər/
a part of an area of activity, especially of a country’s economy
In the financial sector, banks and insurance companies have both lost a lot of money.
service-sector jobs (= in hotels, restaurants, etc.)
Synonymsareafielddomainindustrysegmentdivisionbranch
Antonymswhole
8
rank(noun)
/ræŋk/
the position, especially a high position, that somebody has in a particular organization, society, etc.
He was promoted to the rank of senior manager last year.
Synonymspositionstandinggradestatuslevelrating
Antonymsinferioritybottomunimportancedegrade
9
strike(verb)
/straɪk/
to hit somebody/something hard or with force
The train drivers have voted to take strike action.
The train drivers have voted to take strike action.
Synonymswork stoppagewalkoutboycottprotestindustrial action
Antonymsworkemploymentagreementsettlement
10
firm(noun)
/fɜːrm/
a business or company
She works for a large law firm in London.
Synonymssolidstableresolutedeterminedunyieldingstrongrigidsteadfast
Antonymssoftweakflexibleyieldingvacillatingindecisive
11
labour(noun)
/ˈleɪbər/
work, especially physical work
The workers voted to withdraw their labour(= to stop work as a means of protest).
The company wants to keep down labour costs.
Synonymsworktoilexertioneffortindustryemploymentworkforce
Antonymsleisureidlenessrestinactivityunemployment
12
industrial(adjective)
/ɪnˈdʌstriəl/
connected with industry
an industrial accident
industrial unrest
Synonymsmanufacturingfactorycommercialeconomic
Antonymsdomesticagriculturalnaturalindividual
13
chairman(noun)
/ˈtʃermən/
the person in charge of a meeting, committee or organization, or the head of a company's board
Delegates postponed a decision about the exact terms of office of the group's chairman and head of the secretariat.
The hall was filled to capacity(= was completely full).
Synonymsleaderheadpresiding officerspeakermoderator
Antonymsmemberfollowersubordinate
14
specialist(noun)
/ˈspeʃəlɪst/
a doctor with advanced training in one particular branch of medicine
If the pain continues, you will be referred to a specialist.
A heart specialist reviewed his echocardiogram results yesterday afternoon.
Synonymsexpertprofessionalauthoritymasteradeptvirtuoso
Antonymsamateurgeneralistnovicebeginnerlayman
15
junior(adjective)
/ˈdʒuːniər/
having a low rank in an organization or a profession
She works as a junior doctor at the city hospital.
Synonymslower-levelyoungerinferiorsubordinateinexperiencedtrainee
Antonymssenioreldersuperiorexperiencedveteran
16
agency(noun)
/ˈeɪdʒənsi/
a business or an organization that provides a particular service especially when representing other businesses or organizations
international aid agencies caring for refugees
You can book at your local travel agency.
Synonymsorganizationinstitutionofficebureauauthorityestablishmentfirmcompany
Antonymsindividualpersondisorganizationinefficiency
17
senior(adjective)
/ˈsiːniər/
high in rank or status; higher in rank or status than others
She is a senior manager at a large international bank.
Synonymselderoldersuperiorchiefprincipal
Antonymsjunioryoungerinferiorsubordinate
18
committee(noun)
/kəˈmɪti/
a group of people who are chosen, usually by a larger group, to make decisions or to deal with a particular subject
The local council have just set up a committee to study recycling.
a committee meeting
Synonymsboardcouncilpanelgroupcommissiontask force
Antonymsindividuallone wolf
19
master(noun)
/ˈmæstər/
a man who has people working for him, often as servants in his home
They lived in fear of their master.
Today we learnt how to use the new software.
Synonymsownerrulerlordbosscommanderchief
Antonymsservantslavefollowerunderling
20
construct(verb)
/kənˈstrʌkt/
to build or make something such as a road, building or machine
When was the bridge constructed?
They constructed a shelter out of fallen branches.
Synonymsbuildcreateerectformfabricateassemble
Antonymsdestroydemolishdismantleruin
21
crew(noun)
/kruː/
all the people working on a ship, plane, etc.
The aircraft has a crew of seven.
Synonymsteamstaffpersonnelcompanygangforcesquad
Antonymsindividuallonesolo
22
corporate(adjective)
/ˈkɔːrpərət/
connected with a large business company
She works in the corporate finance department.
Synonymsbusinessorganizationalinstitutional
Antonymsindividualpersonalprivate
23
executive(noun)
/ɪɡˈzekjətɪv/
a person who has an important job as a manager of a company or an organization
The executive made a critical decision for the company.
Synonymsadministratormanagerleader
Antonymsemployeefollower
24
found(verb)
/faʊnd/
to start something, such as an organization or an institution, especially by providing money
His grandfather founded the company in 1920 with very little money.
Synonymsdiscoveredlocateddetectedencountered
Antonymslostmisplacedmissed
25
leadership(noun)
/ˈliːdərʃɪp/
the state or position of being a leader
Good leadership is essential for a successful team.
Synonymsguidancedirectionmanagementauthority
Antonymsfollowershipsubordination
26
administration(noun)
/ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/
the activities that are done in order to plan, organize and run a business, school or other institution
The hospital administration is responsible for the hospital's daily operations.
Synonymsmanagementgovernancedirectionleadership
Antonymsneglectdisorganizationchaos