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B2 · Society, law & politics (2)
B2 · 社会・法律・政治 (2)
課す (kasu)
to introduce a new law, rule, tax, etc.; to order that a rule, punishment, etc. be used
The company will impose a surcharge for any items returned
会社は返品された商品に対して追加料金を課します。
We should not impose upon our staff by requiring them to work on weekends
類義語forceenforcedictatelevychargeinflict対義語removerepealrevokecancelwaiveexempt機関 (kikan)
a large important organization that has a particular purpose, for example a university or bank
an educational/financial, etc. institution
教育/金融などの機関
the Smithsonian Institution
類義語organizationestablishmentfoundationacademybodyassociation対義語disorganizationanarchyinformality違反
an illegal act
New legislation makes it an offence to carry guns.
新しい法律により、銃の所持は違反行為となる。
a first offence(= the first time that somebody has been found guilty of a crime)
類義語crimeviolationtransgressioninfractionwrongdoingmisdemeanorfelony対義語lawfullegalrightobediencelawfulnessvirtue統治する (tōchi suru)
to legally control a country or its people and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing public services, etc.
He accused the opposition party of being unfit to govern.
彼は野党が統治するのに不適格であると非難した。
The country is governed by elected representatives of the people.
類義語rulemanagecontrolleadadministerdirectsupervise対義語obeyservefollow調査 (chōsa)
an official examination of the facts about a situation, crime, etc.
We have finished a thorough investigation of the incident.
私たちはその事件の徹底的な調査を終えました。
The police have completed their investigations into the accident.
類義語inquiryexaminationprobescrutinyresearchstudyexplorationanalysis対義語neglectignoranceoverlookdisregard天国 (tengoku)
the place believed to be the home of God where good people go when they die, sometimes imagined to be in the sky
the kingdom of heaven
天国 (tengoku) の王国 (ōkoku)
I feel like I've died and gone to heaven.
類義語paradiseutopiablissecstasynirvanaelysium対義語hellearthpurgatoryunderworld正義 (seigi)
the fair treatment of people
laws based on the principles of justice
正義の原則に基づいた法律 (seigi no gensoku ni motozuita houritsu)
They are demanding equal rights and justice.
類義語fairnessequityrighteousnessimpartialitylawfulness対義語injusticeunfairnessinequitypartialitywrongdoing過失 (kashitsu)
the responsibility for something wrong that has happened or been done
It's your own fault for being careless.
不注意だったあなたの過失です。(Fuchūi datta anata no kashitsu desu.)
Many people live in poverty through no fault of their own.
類義語errormistakeblameresponsibilitydefectflaw対義語perfectionvirtuestrengthcorrectnessrightライセンス, 使用許諾
official permission to use something, such as software, often for a set number of users or a fixed period
We need to buy twenty more licences for the design software.
デザインソフトのライセンスをあと20本購入する必要があります。
The licence expires at the end of the year, so remember to renew it.
類義語permitauthorizationcertificatedocument対義語prohibitionrestrictionban
