第 185/202 課 · 21 個單字 · 已學會 0 個

B2 · Society, law & politics (2)

B2 · 社會、法律與政治 (2)

1
impose(verb)
/ɪmˈpəʊz/
強制實施, 徵收, 強加
to introduce a new law, rule, tax, etc.; to order that a rule, punishment, etc. be used
The company will impose a surcharge for any items returned
公司將對任何退回的商品加收額外費用。
We should not impose upon our staff by requiring them to work on weekends
同義詞forceenforcedictatelevychargeinflict
反義詞removerepealrevokecancelwaiveexempt
2
moral(adjective)
/ˈmɔːrəl/
道德的, 道義上的
connected with principles of right and wrong behaviour
The newspapers were full of moral outrage at the weakness of other countries.
各報章雜誌充斥著對其他國家軟弱表現的道德譴責。
traditional moral values
同義詞ethicalprincipledrighteousvirtuousupright
反義詞immoralunethicalcorruptwickeddishonest
3
institution(noun)
/ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃn/
機構, 機關
a large important organization that has a particular purpose, for example a university or bank
an educational/financial, etc. institution
教育／金融等機構
the Smithsonian Institution
同義詞organizationestablishmentfoundationacademybodyassociation
反義詞disorganizationanarchyinformality
4
offence(noun)
/əˈfens/
犯罪, 違法行為
an illegal act
New legislation makes it an offence to carry guns.
新法規定攜帶槍械屬於違法行為。
a first offence(= the first time that somebody has been found guilty of a crime)
同義詞crimeviolationtransgressioninfractionwrongdoingmisdemeanorfelony
反義詞lawfullegalrightobediencelawfulnessvirtue
5
obey(verb)
/əˈbeɪ/
服從, 遵守
to do what you are told or expected to do
Road users should obey traffic rules strictly.
用路人應嚴格遵守交通規則。
He had always obeyed his parents without question.
同義詞complyadherefollowheedobserve
反義詞disobeydefyignorerebelresist
6
govern(verb)
/ˈɡʌvərn/
統治, 治理
to legally control a country or its people and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing public services, etc.
He accused the opposition party of being unfit to govern.
他指責反對黨沒有執政的能力。
The country is governed by elected representatives of the people.
同義詞rulemanagecontrolleadadministerdirectsupervise
反義詞obeyservefollow
7
investigation(noun)
/ɪnˌvestɪˈɡeɪʃn/
調查
an official examination of the facts about a situation, crime, etc.
We have finished a thorough investigation of the incident.
我們已完成對該事件的徹底調查。
The police have completed their investigations into the accident.
同義詞inquiryexaminationprobescrutinyresearchstudyexplorationanalysis
反義詞neglectignoranceoverlookdisregard
8
hell(noun)
/hel/
地獄
the place believed to be the home of devils and where bad people go after death
I'll go to Hell for this.
我會因為這件事下地獄。
He exhibits regularly in local art galleries.
同義詞underworldnetherworldabyssperditioninfernotormentsuffering
反義詞heavenparadiseutopiablisssalvation
9
minister(noun)
/ˈmɪnɪstər/
部長, 大臣
a senior member of the government who is in charge of a government department or a branch of one
senior ministers in the Cabinet
內閣中的資深部長
the Minister of Education
同義詞secretaryofficialstatesmanadministratorheaddirector
反義詞citizenprivate citizensubject
10
heaven(noun)
/ˈhevn/
天堂, 天國
the place believed to be the home of God where good people go when they die, sometimes imagined to be in the sky
the kingdom of heaven
天國
I feel like I've died and gone to heaven.
同義詞paradiseutopiablissecstasynirvanaelysium
反義詞hellearthpurgatoryunderworld
11
military(adjective)
/ˈmɪləteri/
軍事的, 軍方的
connected with soldiers or the armed forces
military training/intelligence
軍事訓練／軍事情報
military uniform
同義詞armedmartialsoldierlyservice
反義詞civiliannonmilitary
12
justice(noun)
/ˈdʒʌstɪs/
公平, 公正
the fair treatment of people
laws based on the principles of justice
以公正原則為基礎的法律
They are demanding equal rights and justice.
同義詞fairnessequityrighteousnessimpartialitylawfulness
反義詞injusticeunfairnessinequitypartialitywrongdoing
13
fault(noun)
/fɔːlt/
過錯, 責任
the responsibility for something wrong that has happened or been done
It's your own fault for being careless.
這是你自己粗心的錯。
Many people live in poverty through no fault of their own.
同義詞errormistakeblameresponsibilitydefectflaw
反義詞perfectionvirtuestrengthcorrectnessright
14
holy(adjective)
/ˈhəʊli/
神聖的, 宗教的
connected with God or a particular religion
a holy war (= one fought to defend the beliefs of a particular religion)
聖戰（為捍衛某一宗教信仰而進行的戰爭）
Islam's holiest shrine
同義詞sacreddivineblessedconsecratedhallowedreligious
反義詞profanesecularimpiousworldlyevil
15
freedom(noun)
/ˈfriːdəm/
自由
the power or right to do or say what you want without anyone stopping you
We do have some freedom of choice.
我們確實有一些選擇的自由。
同義詞libertyindependenceautonomylicenseprivilege
反義詞captivityimprisonmentservitudeoppressionrestraint
16
ethical(adjective)
/ˈeθɪkl/
倫理的, 道德的
connected with beliefs and principles about what is right and wrong
Doctors must follow strict ethical rules when treating their patients.
醫師在治療病患時必須遵守嚴格的倫理規範。
同義詞moralprincipledrighteousvirtuous
反義詞unethicalimmoralcorrupt
17
gang(noun)
/ɡæŋ/
幫派, 犯罪集團
an organized group of criminals
The gang was known for their criminal activities.
這個幫派以其犯罪活動而惡名昭彰。
同義詞groupcliquecrewmobpack
反義詞individualloneroutsider
18
incident(noun)
/ˈɪnsɪdənt/
事件
something that happens, especially something unusual or unpleasant
The police are investigating the incident.
警方正在調查這起事件。
同義詞eventoccurrenceepisodeaffair
反義詞nothingnormalityusualness
19
licence(noun)
/ˈlaɪsns/
授權, 使用授權
official permission to use something, such as software, often for a set number of users or a fixed period
We need to buy twenty more licences for the design software.
我們需要為這套設計軟體再購買二十個授權。
The licence expires at the end of the year, so remember to renew it.
同義詞permitauthorizationcertificatedocument
反義詞prohibitionrestrictionban
20
lord(noun)
/lɔːrd/
領主, 勳爵
(in the UK) a man of high rank in the nobility (= people of high social class) , or somebody who has been given the title ‘ lord’ as an honour
He is the lord of the manor.
他是這座莊園的領主。
同義詞masterrulerchiefsovereign
反義詞servantfollowersubject
21
obligation(noun)
/ˌɑːblɪˈɡeɪʃn/
義務, 責任
the state of being forced to do something because it is your duty, or because of a law, etc.
It is my obligation to help those in need.
幫助有需要的人是我的義務。
同義詞dutyresponsibilitycommitmentrequirement
反義詞optionchoicefreedomliberty