レッスン103/202 · 24語 · 覚えた単語 0

A1 · Grammar & linking words (2)

A1 · 文法語・つなぎ言葉 (2)

1
him(pronoun)
/hɪm/
彼を
used as the object of a verb, after the verb be or after a preposition to refer to a male person or animal that has already been mentioned or is easily identified
When did you see him?
いつ彼を見ましたか？
He took the children with him.
類義語hethat guythe manthe boy
対義語herthemshe
2
his(determiner)
/hɪz/
彼の
of or belonging to a man or boy who has already been mentioned or is easily identified
His pen is very nice.
彼のペンはとても良いです。
The choice was his.
類義語belonging to himof himhis own
対義語hertheirmyyour
3
no one(pronoun)
/nəʊ wʌn/
誰もいない
not anyone; no person
No one was at home.
誰も家にいなかった。
We were told to speak to no one.
類義語nobodynot a soulzero people
対義語everybodyeveryonesomebodyall
4
no(exclamation)
/nəʊ/
いいえ
used to give a negative reply or statement
‘Do you like snakes?’ ‘No, I don't like them at all.’
「ヘビは好きですか。」「いいえ、まったく好きではありません。」
類義語naynegativenever
対義語yesaffirmativeindeed
5
her(pronoun)
/hər/
彼女を, 彼女に
used as the object of a verb, after the verb be or after a preposition to refer to a woman or girl who has already been mentioned or is easily identified
I saw her at the park yesterday and said hello.
昨日、公園で彼女を見かけて、あいさつをした。
類義語belonging to herhersof her
対義語histheirmyyour
6
everything(pronoun)
/ˈevriθɪŋ/
すべて
all things
When we confronted him, he denied everything.
私たちが彼に詰め寄ったとき、彼はすべてを否定した。
She seemed to have everything—looks, money, intelligence.
類義語allthe whole thingevery single thingeverything under the sunthe works
対義語nothingsomethinga littlea few
7
for(preposition)
/fər/
〜宛の
used to show who is intended to have or use something or where something is intended to be put
There's a letter for you
あなた宛の手紙があります
This is the place for me (= I like it very much).
類義語intended formeant forin behalf ofon account of
対義語againstfrom
8
I(pronoun)
/aɪ/
私 (Watashi)
used as the subject of a verb when the speaker or writer is referring to himself/herself
I am a student.
私は学生です (Watashi wa gakusei desu).
When they asked me if I wanted the job, I said yes.
類義語MyselfMe
対義語YouHeSheItTheyWe
9
me(pronoun)
/mi/
私 (watashi)
the form of I that is used when the speaker or writer is the object of a verb or preposition, or after the verb be
Hello, it's me.
こんにちは、私です。(Konnichiwa, watashi desu.)
Don't hit me.
類義語myselfI
対義語youhimherthem
10
have to(modal verb)
/həv tə/
〜なければならない
used to show that you must do something
I have to admit, the idea of marriage scares me.
認めざるを得ないが、結婚という考えは私を怖がらせる。
Did she have to pay a fine?
類義語mustneed toought toshouldbe obliged tobe required to
対義語don't have toneedn'tmaycanbe allowed to
11
goodbye(exclamation)
/ˌɡʊdˈbaɪ/
さようなら
used when you are leaving somebody or when somebody else is leaving
Goodbye, Tom! See you at school tomorrow.
さようなら、トム！明日学校で会おうね。
類義語farewelladieuso longbyeadieu
対義語hellogreetingwelcome
12
just(adverb)
/dʒʌst/
ちょうど, まさに
exactly
She looks just like her mother.
彼女は母親にそっくりだ。
This jacket is just my size.
類義語exactlypreciselysimplyonlymerelyfairlyquite
対義語inaccuratelyroughlyapproximatelydifferentlypartially
13
like(preposition)
/laɪk/
〜のような, 〜に似た
similar to somebody/something
She looks like her mother, with the same dark eyes.
彼女は同じ黒い瞳をしていて、母親に似ている。
類義語enjoyappreciatelovepreferadmire
対義語dislikehatedetestabhordespise
14
however(adverb)
/haʊˈevər/
しかしながら, けれども, しかし
used to introduce a statement that contrasts with something that has just been said
I'd love to come to your party. However, I'm very busy this week.
パーティーにはぜひ行きたいです。しかし、今週はとても忙しいんです。
類義語NeverthelessNonethelessYetStillEven soDespite thatIn spite of that
対義語ThereforeThusConsequentlyAccordingly
15
my(determiner)
/maɪ/
私の (watashi no)
of or belonging to the speaker or writer
My name is Andy.
私の名前はアンディです。(Watashi no namae wa Andi desu.)
My feet are cold.
類義語belonging to meof minepersonally owned
対義語yourhishertheirits
16
must(modal verb)
/məst/
しなければならない
used to say that something is necessary or very important (sometimes involving a rule or a law)
‘Do we have to finish this today?’ ‘Yes, you must.’
「今日これを終わらせなければなりませんか？」「はい、あなたはしなければなりません。」
I must ask you not to do that again.
類義語shouldought toneed torequiredobligednecessary
対義語maycanoptionallyneedn'tshouldn't
17
hi(exclamation)
/haɪ/
こんにちは
used to say hello
Hi, there! How're you doing?
こんにちは、元気ですか？
Hi, Peter.
類義語hellogreetingsheyhowdygood day
対義語goodbyefarewellsee youso longadieu
18
hello(exclamation, noun)
/həˈləʊ/
こんにちは
used as a greeting when you meet somebody, in an email, when you answer the phone or when you want to attract somebody’s attention
Say hello to Liz for me.
リズによろしく伝えてください。
Hello, is there anybody there?
類義語greetingshiheyhowdygood daywelcome
対義語goodbyefarewelladieu
19
he(pronoun)
/hi/
彼 (kare)
a male person or animal that has already been mentioned or is easily identified
He is 10 years old and he is a student.
彼は10歳で、学生です。(Kare wa jissai de, gakusei desu.)
He (= the man we are watching) went through that door.
類義語himthat personthe manthe boy
対義語shethey
20
it(pronoun)
/ɪt/
それ
used to refer to an animal or a thing that has already been mentioned or that is being talked about now
This is my dog. It is very friendly.
これは私の犬です。それはとても友好的です。
類義語thatthisthe thingthe one
対義語heshethey
21
its(determiner)
/ɪts/
その
belonging to or connected with a thing, an animal or a baby
I have a dog. Its tail is very long.
私は犬を飼っています。その尾はとても長いです。
類義語belonging to itof itbelonging to the thingthereof
対義語none (as it's a possessive pronoun)
22
how(adverb)
/haʊ/
どう
in what way or manner
How do you feel?
気分はどうですか？
類義語in what wayby what meansto what extentin which manner
対義語whybecause
23
hey(exclamation)
/heɪ/
やあ
used to attract somebody’s attention or to express interest, surprise or anger
Hey, how are you?
やあ、元気ですか？
類義語hihellogreetings
対義語goodbyefarewell
24
if(conjunction)
/ɪf/
もし
used to say that one thing can, will or might happen or be true, depending on another thing happening or being true
I will go to the park if it stops raining.
雨が止んだら公園に行きます。
類義語provided thatassuming thatin case
対義語only ifunless