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A1 · Grammar & linking words (2)

A1 · Dil bilgisi ve bağlaç sözcükleri (2)

1
him(pronoun)
/hɪm/
onu, ona
used as the object of a verb, after the verb be or after a preposition to refer to a male person or animal that has already been mentioned or is easily identified
When did you see him?
Onu ne zaman gördün?
He took the children with him.
Eş anlamlılarhethat guythe manthe boy
Zıt anlamlılarherthemshe
2
his(determiner)
/hɪz/
onun
of or belonging to a man or boy who has already been mentioned or is easily identified
His pen is very nice.
Onun kalemi çok güzel.
The choice was his.
Eş anlamlılarbelonging to himof himhis own
Zıt anlamlılarhertheirmyyour
3
no one(pronoun)
/nəʊ wʌn/
hiç kimse
not anyone; no person
No one was at home.
Evde kimse yoktu.
We were told to speak to no one.
Eş anlamlılarnobodynot a soulzero people
Zıt anlamlılareverybodyeveryonesomebodyall
4
no(exclamation)
/nəʊ/
hayır, yok
used to give a negative reply or statement
‘Do you like snakes?’ ‘No, I don't like them at all.’
‘Yılanlardan hoşlanır mısın?’ ‘Hayır, onlardan hiç hoşlanmam.’
Eş anlamlılarnaynegativenever
Zıt anlamlılaryesaffirmativeindeed
5
her(pronoun)
/hər/
onu, ona
used as the object of a verb, after the verb be or after a preposition to refer to a woman or girl who has already been mentioned or is easily identified
I saw her at the park yesterday and said hello.
Dün onu parkta gördüm ve merhaba dedim.
Eş anlamlılarbelonging to herhersof her
Zıt anlamlılarhistheirmyyour
6
everything(pronoun)
/ˈevriθɪŋ/
her şey
all things
When we confronted him, he denied everything.
Onunla yüzleştiğimizde her şeyi inkâr etti.
She seemed to have everything—looks, money, intelligence.
Eş anlamlılarallthe whole thingevery single thingeverything under the sunthe works
Zıt anlamlılarnothingsomethinga littlea few
7
for(preposition)
/fər/
için, -e
used to show who is intended to have or use something or where something is intended to be put
There's a letter for you
Sana bir mektup var.
This is the place for me (= I like it very much).
Eş anlamlılarintended formeant forin behalf ofon account of
Zıt anlamlılaragainstfrom
8
I(pronoun)
/aɪ/
ben
used as the subject of a verb when the speaker or writer is referring to himself/herself
I am a student.
Ben öğrenciyim.
When they asked me if I wanted the job, I said yes.
Eş anlamlılarMyselfMe
Zıt anlamlılarYouHeSheItTheyWe
9
me(pronoun)
/mi/
beni, bana, ben
the form of I that is used when the speaker or writer is the object of a verb or preposition, or after the verb be
Hello, it's me.
Merhaba, benim.
Don't hit me.
Eş anlamlılarmyselfI
Zıt anlamlılaryouhimherthem
10
have to(modal verb)
/həv tə/
-mek zorunda olmak, -meli
used to show that you must do something
I have to admit, the idea of marriage scares me.
İtiraf etmeliyim ki evlilik fikri beni korkutuyor.
Did she have to pay a fine?
Eş anlamlılarmustneed toought toshouldbe obliged tobe required to
Zıt anlamlılardon't have toneedn'tmaycanbe allowed to
11
goodbye(exclamation)
/ˌɡʊdˈbaɪ/
hoşça kal, güle güle, elveda
used when you are leaving somebody or when somebody else is leaving
Goodbye, Tom! See you at school tomorrow.
Hoşça kal, Tom! Yarın okulda görüşürüz.
Eş anlamlılarfarewelladieuso longbyeadieu
Zıt anlamlılarhellogreetingwelcome
12
just(adverb)
/dʒʌst/
tam, tıpkı
exactly
She looks just like her mother.
Annesine tıpkı benziyor.
This jacket is just my size.
Eş anlamlılarexactlypreciselysimplyonlymerelyfairlyquite
Zıt anlamlılarinaccuratelyroughlyapproximatelydifferentlypartially
13
like(preposition)
/laɪk/
gibi, benzer
similar to somebody/something
She looks like her mother, with the same dark eyes.
Aynı koyu renk gözlerle annesine benziyor.
Eş anlamlılarenjoyappreciatelovepreferadmire
Zıt anlamlılardislikehatedetestabhordespise
14
however(adverb)
/haʊˈevər/
ancak, ama, bununla birlikte
used to introduce a statement that contrasts with something that has just been said
I'd love to come to your party. However, I'm very busy this week.
Partine gelmeyi çok isterdim. Ancak bu hafta çok meşgulüm.
Eş anlamlılarNeverthelessNonethelessYetStillEven soDespite thatIn spite of that
Zıt anlamlılarThereforeThusConsequentlyAccordingly
15
my(determiner)
/maɪ/
benim
of or belonging to the speaker or writer
My name is Andy.
Benim adım Andy.
My feet are cold.
Eş anlamlılarbelonging to meof minepersonally owned
Zıt anlamlılaryourhishertheirits
16
must(modal verb)
/məst/
-meli, zorunda olmak
used to say that something is necessary or very important (sometimes involving a rule or a law)
‘Do we have to finish this today?’ ‘Yes, you must.’
'Bunu bugün bitirmek zorunda mıyız?' 'Evet, zorundasınız.'
I must ask you not to do that again.
Eş anlamlılarshouldought toneed torequiredobligednecessary
Zıt anlamlılarmaycanoptionallyneedn'tshouldn't
17
hi(exclamation)
/haɪ/
selam, merhaba
used to say hello
Hi, there! How're you doing?
Selam! Nasıl gidiyor?
Hi, Peter.
Eş anlamlılarhellogreetingsheyhowdygood day
Zıt anlamlılargoodbyefarewellsee youso longadieu
18
hello(exclamation, noun)
/həˈləʊ/
merhaba, selam
used as a greeting when you meet somebody, in an email, when you answer the phone or when you want to attract somebody’s attention
Say hello to Liz for me.
Liz'e benden selam söyle.
Hello, is there anybody there?
Eş anlamlılargreetingshiheyhowdygood daywelcome
Zıt anlamlılargoodbyefarewelladieu
19
he(pronoun)
/hi/
o
a male person or animal that has already been mentioned or is easily identified
He is 10 years old and he is a student.
O 10 yaşında ve öğrenci.
He (= the man we are watching) went through that door.
Eş anlamlılarhimthat personthe manthe boy
Zıt anlamlılarshethey
20
it(pronoun)
/ɪt/
o (cansız varlıklar ve hayvanlar için)
used to refer to an animal or a thing that has already been mentioned or that is being talked about now
This is my dog. It is very friendly.
Bu benim köpeğim. Çok arkadaş canlısıdır.
Eş anlamlılarthatthisthe thingthe one
Zıt anlamlılarheshethey
21
its(determiner)
/ɪts/
onun (cansız varlıklar ve hayvanlar için)
belonging to or connected with a thing, an animal or a baby
I have a dog. Its tail is very long.
Bir köpeğim var. Kuyruğu çok uzun.
Eş anlamlılarbelonging to itof itbelonging to the thingthereof
Zıt anlamlılarnone (as it's a possessive pronoun)
22
how(adverb)
/haʊ/
nasıl
in what way or manner
How do you feel?
Nasıl hissediyorsun?
Eş anlamlılarin what wayby what meansto what extentin which manner
Zıt anlamlılarwhybecause
23
hey(exclamation)
/heɪ/
hey, hop
used to attract somebody’s attention or to express interest, surprise or anger
Hey, how are you?
Hey, nasılsın?
Eş anlamlılarhihellogreetings
Zıt anlamlılargoodbyefarewell
24
if(conjunction)
/ɪf/
eğer, -se
used to say that one thing can, will or might happen or be true, depending on another thing happening or being true
I will go to the park if it stops raining.
Yağmur durursa parka gideceğim.
Eş anlamlılarprovided thatassuming thatin case
Zıt anlamlılaronly ifunless