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A1 · Grammar & linking words (1)

A1 · Palavras gramaticais e conectores (1)

1
and(conjunction)
/ənd/
e
also; in addition to
Sue and I left early
Sue e eu saímos cedo
bread and butter
Sinônimosplusalsotogether within addition to
Antônimosornorinstead of
2
could(modal verb)
/kəd/
podia
used as the past tense of ‘can’
She said that she couldn't come.
Ela disse que não podia vir.
I couldn't hear what they were saying.
Sinônimoswas able towas capable ofhad the ability tomightmay
Antônimoscouldn'twas unable tocan't
3
as(conjunction)
/əz/
enquanto, quando
while something else is happening
He sat watching her as she got ready.
Ele ficou sentado, observando-a enquanto ela se arrumava.
As she grew older she gained in confidence.
Sinônimoswhilewhenbecausesincelikesuch as
Antônimosunlikedissimilarly
4
anyone(pronoun)
/ˈeniwʌn/
qualquer um
used instead of someone in negative sentences and in questions after if /whether , and after verbs such as prevent , forbid , avoid , etc.
Hardly anyone came.
Quase ninguém veio.
I forbid anyone to touch that clock.
Sinônimosanybodysomeonesomebodyany personeverybody
Antônimosnobodyno onenone
5
any(determiner)
/ˈeni/
qualquer
used with uncountable or plural nouns in negative sentences and questions, after if or whether , and after some verbs such as prevent , ban , forbid , etc. to refer to an amount or a number of something, however large or small
I've got hardly any money.
Quase não tenho dinheiro.
She asked if we had any questions.
Sinônimossomeoneeveryeachalleither
Antônimosnonenonever
6
by(preposition)
/baɪ/
de, por
used for showing how or in what way something is done
We usually go to school by bus, but today we walked.
Normalmente vamos para a escola de ônibus, mas hoje fomos a pé.
Sinônimosnearnext tobesideclose toalongside
Antônimosfar fromaway from
7
even(adverb)
/ˈiːvn/
mesmo
used to emphasize something unexpected or surprising
He never even opened the letter (= so he certainly didn't read it).
Ele nem sequer abriu a carta (= então certamente não a leu).
Even a child can understand it (= so adults certainly can).
Sinônimosalsojustactuallyreallytrulyindeed
Antônimosnevernotcontrary
8
another(determiner)
/əˈnʌðər/
outro, mais um
one more; an extra thing or person
Would you like another drink?
Você gostaria de outra bebida?
‘Finished?’ ‘No, I've got another three questions to do.’
Sinônimosadditionalextrafurthermoredifferentone more
Antônimosnoneno morethe same
9
both(determiner, pronoun)
/bəʊθ/
ambos
used with plural nouns to mean ‘the two’ or ‘the one as well as the other’
We have both seen the movie.
Ambos vimos o filme.
Both (my) sisters live in London.
Sinônimostwocouplepairthe pair
Antônimosneithernoneeither
10
about(preposition)
/əˈbaʊt/
sobre, a respeito de
on the subject of somebody/something; in connection with somebody/something
We talked about our favourite sports after school.
Conversamos sobre nossos esportes favoritos depois da aula.
Sinônimosapproximatelyaroundroughlynearlyalmostclose to
Antônimosexactlypreciselydefinitelycertainly
11
anything(pronoun)
/ˈeniθɪŋ/
qualquer coisa
used instead of something in negative sentences and in questions; after if /whether ; and after verbs such as prevent , ban , avoid , etc.
If you remember anything, please let us know.
Se você se lembrar de qualquer coisa, por favor, nos avise.
There's never anything worth watching on TV.
Sinônimossomethingeverythingallanywhatever
Antônimosnothing
12
can(modal verb)
/kən/
poder, saber
used to say that it is possible for somebody/something to do something, or for something to happen
I can swim, but I can't ride a horse.
Eu sei nadar, mas não sei andar a cavalo.
Sinônimospreservetinput up
Antônimosfreshunprocessedunpackaged
13
also(adverb)
/ˈɔːlsəʊ/
também
in addition; too
She's fluent in French and German. She also speaks a little Italian.
Ela é fluente em francês e alemão. Ela também fala um pouco de italiano.
rubella, also known as German measles
Sinônimostooas wellin additionfurthermoremoreover
Antônimosneithernorinsteadconversely
14
but(conjunction)
/bət/
mas, porém
used to introduce a word or phrase that contrasts with what was said before
I would like to come to the party, but I am too busy.
Eu gostaria de ir à festa, mas estou muito ocupado.
Sinônimoshoweveryetalthoughthoughneverthelessstill
Antônimosandalsofurthermore
15
every(determiner)
/ˈevri/
cada
used with singular nouns to refer to all the members of a group of things or people
Every classroom has 25 desks.
Cada sala de aula tem 25 carteiras.
They were watching her every movement.
Sinônimoseachallanythe whole of
Antônimosnononesomefew
16
a(determiner)
/ə/
um, uma
used before countable or singular nouns referring to people or things that have not already been mentioned
She's a friend of my father's (= one of my father's friends).
Ela é uma amiga do meu pai (= uma das amigas do meu pai).
a man/horse/unit
Sinônimosoneanany
Antônimostheall
17
everyone(pronoun)
/ˈevriwʌn/
todos
every person; all people
Everyone is waiting outside.
Todos estão esperando lá fora.
Everyone cheered and clapped.
Sinônimoseverybodyalleach personeach onethe whole world
Antônimosno onenobodynone
18
each(determiner)
/iːtʃ/
cada
used to refer to every one of two or more people or things, when you are thinking about them separately
Each answer is worth 20 points.
Cada resposta vale 20 pontos.
There aren't enough books for everyone to have one each.
Sinônimoseveryperindividualallany
Antônimosnoneno
19
else(adverb)
/els/
mais
in addition to something already mentioned
I don't want anything else, thanks.
Não quero mais nada, obrigado.
I'm taking a few clothes and some books, not much else.
Sinônimosotheradditionalextramore
Antônimossameidenticalaforementioned
20
bye(exclamation)
/baɪ/
adeus
goodbye
Bye. See you very soon.
Adeus. Até breve.
Sinônimosgoodbyefarewellso longsee you lateradios
Antônimoshellogreetingswelcome
21
because(conjunction)
/bɪˈkəz/
porque
for the reason that
I did it because he told me to.
Eu fiz isso porque ele me mandou.
Sinônimossinceasfordue toin view ofon account of
Antônimosdespitealthoughin spite ofregardless ofeven though
22
be(verb)
/bi/
ser/estar
used when you are naming people or things, describing them or giving more information about them
I want to be a doctor.
Eu quero ser médico.
Sinônimosexistbecomeconstituterepresentequaloccur
Antônimosnonexistenceabsencelack
23
cannot(modal verb)
/ˈkænɑːt/
não pode
the negative of can ; can not
I cannot go to the party tonight.
Eu não posso ir à festa hoje à noite.
Sinônimosunableincapablenot able to
Antônimoscanablecapable
24
everybody(pronoun)
/ˈevribɑːdi/
todos
every person; all people
Everybody loves ice cream.
Todo mundo adora sorvete.
Sinônimoseveryonealleach person
Antônimosnobodyno one